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The year 1600 in literature involved some significant events.

Events

• January 1 - The Admiral's Men perform Dekker's The Shoemaker's Holiday at Court.
• March 6 - George Carey, Lord Hunsdon, the Lord Chamberlain of England, entertains the Flemish ambassador Ludowic Verreyken at Hunsdon House in the Blackfriars district of London. The entertainment includes a performance of Shakespeare's Henry IV, Part 1 by the Lord Chamberlain's Men.
• September - Richard Burbage leases the disused Blackfriars Theatre to Henry Evans and Nathaniel Giles for £40 per year. Evans and Giles use the space for the performances of the Children of the Chapel. Giles drafts Solomon Pavy, age ten, into his acting troupe.
• September 8 - Jack Drum's Entertainment is entered in the Stationers' Register. The character of Brabant Senior represents Ben Jonson, thus continuing the War of the Theatres.
• Juan Ruiz de Alarcón begins his studies at the University of Salamanca.
• Tirso de Molina joins the Order of Mercy.
• Hortensio Félix Paravicino joins the Trinitarian Order.
• Robert Shirley returns from Persia.
• Philip Henslowe lends William Haughton ten shillings "to release him out of the Clink".
• The last performances of the Chester miracle plays occur in 1600.

New books

• Fabritio Caroso - Nobiltà de dame
• "Moderata Fonte" (pseudonym) - The Worth of Women: Wherein is Clearly Revealed Their Nobility and Their Superiority to Men
• Robert Jones - The First Book of Songs and Airs
• Thomas Rowlands - The Letting of Humour's Blood in the Head-Vein

New drama

• Anonymous
  • Look About You published
  • The Maid's Metamorphosis
  • The Weakest Goeth to the Wall published
  • The Wisdom of Doctor Dodypoll
• Henry Chettle & John Day - The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green, Part 1 (Parts 2 and 3, by Day and William Haughton, lost)
• Thomas Dekker - Old Fortunatus
• Thomas Heywood - Edward IV, Parts 1 and 2 published
• (Thomas Heywood (attr.) and others?) - Edward IV (published)
• Ben Jonson - Cynthia's Revels
• Thomas Dekker, John Marston, and William Haughton - The Spanish Moor's Tragedy
• John Marston - Jack Drum's Entertainment
• Thomas Nashe - Summer's Last Will and Testament published
• William Shakespeare - Henry IV, Part 2, The Merchant of Venice, Henry V, A Midsummer Night's Dream, and Much Ado About Nothing published

Poetry

• England's Helicon (anthology) - including work by Edmund Spenser, Michael Drayton, Thomas Lodge, Philip Sidney and others
• Gervase Markham - The Tears of the Beloved
• Thomas Middleton - The Ghost of Lucrece

Births

• January 1 - Friedrich Spanheim, Calvinist writer (d. 1649)
• January 17 - Pedro Calderón de la Barca, dramatist (d. 1681)
• February 2 - Gabriel Naudé, librarian and scholar (d. 1653)
• October 5 - Thomas Goodwin, English theologian (d. 1680)
• November - John Ogilby, Scottish translator (d. 1676)
• November 19 - Leo Aitzema, Dutch historian (d. 1669)
• date unknown
  • Martin de Barcos, French Jansenist theologian (d. 1678)
  • Bihari, Hindi poet (d. 1663)
  • Hermann Busenbaum, German Jesuit theologian (d. 1668)
  • Marin le Roy de Gomberville, French poet and novelist (d. 1674)
  • Peter Heylin, English ecclesiastical writer (d. 1662)
  • William Prynne, polemicist (d. 1669)
  • Adriaan Vlacq, publisher (d. 1667)
  • Brian Walton, Bishop of Chester, compiler of "Polyglot Bible" (d. 1661)
• probable
  • Piaras Feiritéar, poet
  • Richard Flecknoe, dramatist and poet

Deaths

• February 15 - José de Acosta, Spanish naturalist (b. 1539)
• April - Thomas Deloney, novelist and balladist (b. 1543)
• May 18 - Fulvio Orsini, Italian historian (b. 1529)
• June 25 - David Chytraeus, German theologian and historian (b. 1530)
• October 12 - Luis Molina, Spanish Jesuit writer (b. 1535)
• November 3 - Richard Hooker, theologian (b. 1554)
• date unknown
  • Bâkî, Turkish poet (b. 1526)
  • John Case, English commentator on Aristotle
  • Balthasar Russow, Estonian chronicler
  • Mustafa Selaniki, chronicler
• probable
  • Robert Garnier, poet
  • Thomas Nashe, satirist and pamphleteer
  • Robert Wilson, dramatist