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The year 1616 in literature involved some significant events.

Events

• Nicolaus Copernicus' De revolutionibus is placed on the Index of Forbidden Books by the Roman Catholic Church.
• George Chapman's translations of Homer, previously issued in piecemeal fashion, are published complete for the first time, as The Whole Works of Homer, the first full English-language edition.

New books

• Johannes Valentinus Andreae - Chymische Hochzeit Christiani Rosencreutz Anno 1459
• George Chapman - The Whole Works of Homer
• Philipp Clüver - Germania Antiqua
• Thomas Dekker - The Artillery Garden
• Ben Jonson - the first folio collection of the works
• Christopher Marlowe - Doctor Faustus (third quarto - the "B text")

New drama

• Anonymous - The Barriers
• Francis Beaumont & John Fletcher - The Scornful Lady published
• Gerbrand Adriaensz Bredero - Treur-spel van Rodd'rick ende Alphonsus; Griane; Lucelle
• Ben Jonson - The Devil is an Ass
  • - The Golden Age Restored
  • - Christmas, His Masque
• Anthony Munday - Chrysanaleia

Poetry

• Agrippa d'Aubigné - Les Tragiques

Births

• October 11 - Andreas Gryphius, poet and dramatist (died 1664)
• date unknown - Roger L'Estrange, pamphleteer (died 1704)
• date unknown - John Owen, theologian (died 1683)

Deaths

• January 6 - Philip Henslowe, theatre impresario (born 1550)
• February 13 - Anders Sørensen Vedel, historian (born 1542)
• April 23
  • William Shakespeare (born 1564)
  • Miguel de Cervantes (born 1547)
• August 7 - Vincenzo Scamozzi, writer on architecture (born 1548)
• November 23 - Richard Hakluyt, travel writer (born 1552)
• date unknown - Francis Beaumont, dramatist (born 1584)