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The year 1800 in science and technology included many significant events.

Astronomy

• The central star of the Ring Nebula is discovered by Fredrich von Hahn: the central star is a white dwarf star with a temperature of between 100000 and 120000 K.

Chemistry

• Beryllium is discovered by German chemist Johann Bartholomäus Trommsdorff (1770-1837) in beryl from Saxony, a new earth, calling it Agusterde ("Agust Earth").

Geography

• The Antipodes Islands, formerly the home of large herds of fur seals, are discovered by the crew of the British ship HMS Reliance.

Physics

• Alessandro Volta develops the so-called voltaic pile, a forerunner of the electric battery.
• Infrared rays are discovered by William Herschel, an English astronomer of German origin.

Technology

• Yeast is discovered, as a new way to make beer ferment (beer made before 1800 was lambic).

Awards

• Copley Medal: Edward Charles Howard

Births

• February 11 - William Fox Talbot, mathematician, physicist and chemist (died 1877)
• July 31 - Friedrich Woehler, chemist (died 1882)
• December 29 - Charles Goodyear, inventor of the vulcanization process (died 1860)

Deaths

• January 1 - Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton, French naturalist (born 1716)
• March 14 - Daines Barrington, English naturalist (born 1727)