Millennia:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century AD
Decades:	80s BC 70s BC 60s BC - 50s BC - 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC
Years:	59 BC 58 BC 57 BC 56 BC 55 BC 54 BC 53 BC 52 BC 51 BC 50 BC
Categories:	Births - Deaths - State leaders - Sovereign states Establishments - Disestablishments

Events and trends

• First Triumvirate: a secret pact for mutual advantage between Roman politicians Julius Caesar, Pompey and Marcus Licinius Crassus (c. 59–53 BC).
• Gallic Wars: Julius Caesar conquers much of Gaul, crosses the Rhine and leads two expeditions to Britain (58 — 49 BC).
• Foundation of the kingdom of Silla in Korea by Bak Hyeokgeose (57 BC)
• Pompey builds Rome's first permanent theatre (54 BC)
• Battle of Carrhae: the Roman general Marcus Licinius Crassus's attempt to invade the Parthian Empire is defeated by Surena at Carrhae, now Harran in Turkey; Crassus is killed (53 BC).
• Battle of Alesia: Julius Caesar defeats a united Gaulish rebellion led by Vercingetorix (52 BC).

Significant people

Eastern hemisphere in 50 BC.

• Julius Caesar, Roman politician and general (lived 100–44 BC)
• Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt (lived 70/69–30 BC, reigned 51–30 BC) — meets Julius Caesar and later becomes teenager Pharaoh, after her brothers die young.
• Pompey, Roman general (lived 106 BC–48 BC)
• Marcus Licinius Crassus, Roman politician and general (lived 115–53 BC)
• Marcus Tullius Cicero, Roman politician (lived 106–43 BC)
• Vercingetorix, Chieftain of the Arverni (d. 46 BC)
• Cassivellaunus, British war-leader
• Ariovistus, German king
• Commius, Gaulish king
• Phraates III, King of Parthia (reigned 70–57 BC)
• Mithridates III, king of Parthia and Media (reigned 57–54 BC)
• Orodes II, king of Parthia (reigned 57–38 BC)
• Surena, Parthian general (lived 84–54 BC)
• Bak Hyeokgeose, king of Silla in Korea (69 BC–AD 4, reigned 57 BC–AD 4)

Births

• Livy, Roman historian (c. 59 BC)
• Seneca the Elder, Roman orator (c. 54 BC) (d. c. AD 39)

Deaths

• Marcus Licinius Crassus, Roman politician and general (53 BC) (b. c. 115 BC)
• Posidonius, Greek philosopher, astronomer and geographer (51 BC) (b. c. 135 BC)