Anne Marie of Orléans (Saint-Cloud, August 27, 1669 - Turin, August 26, 1728), was the Queen consort of Sardinia and the maternal grandmother of Louis XV of France.
Early life
She was born in the Château de Saint-Cloud as daughter of Philippe I, Duke of Orléans and Princess Henrietta Anne of England. Her paternal grandparents were Louis XIII of France and Anne of Austria.
Her maternal grandparents were Charles I of England and Henrietta Maria of France. Her elder surviving sister was Maria Luisa of Orléans, who became the Queen of Spain when Anne Marie was ten. Sadly, their mother died at the same place Anne Marie was born, the Château de Saint-Cloud, when her younger daughter was only a year old.
A year after the death of her mother, her father married the German princess, Elizabeth Charlotte, Countess Palatine of Simmern. Like her sister, Marie Louise, she became close to her new stepmother. From her father's second marriage, she gained three other siblings.
Marriage
On April 10, 1684 she was married at Versailles to Víctor Amadeus II, Duke of Savoy and future king of Sicily (1713) and Sardinia (1720).
They had six children:
- Marie Adelaide (b.1685-d.1712), married Louis, duc de Bourgogne and was the mother of Louis XV of France
- Marie Anne (b.1687-d.1690)
- Marie Louise (b.1688-d.1714), first wife of Philip V of Spain
- Victor Amadeus (b.1699-d.1715), prince of Piedmont
- Carlo Emanuele III (b.1701-d.1773), the next Duke of Savoy and King of Sardinia.
- Emanuele Philibert (1705-1705) Duke of Chablais.
Death
Anne Marie died in Turin on August 26 1728. Her husband Víctor Amadeus II abdicated in favour of his son in 1730 and died two years later in Moncalieri.
Jacobite succession
From 1714 to 1720, Anne Marie was the heiress presumptive to the Jacobite claim to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland, which was held at the time by James Francis Edward Stuart, styling himself "James III and VIII". She became his heir on 1 August 1714, upon the death of his elder sister Anne, and was displaced as his heir by the birth of the Old Pretender's son, Charles Edward Stuart, on 31 December 1720.
Through Anne Marie descend the current post-Stuart legitimist claims of the Jacobites to the English and Scottish thrones.
In 1807, almost eighty years after her death , Cardinal Henry Benedict Stuart died. He was the last of the descendants of her uncle, King James II of England. The Jacobites viewed the legitimate succession to the English and Scottish thrones as devolving upon the senior living descendant of King Charles I. In 1807, the Jacobite pretender became Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia, the great-grandson of Anne Marie of Orléans and Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia.
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Ancestors of Anne Marie of Orléans |
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