1604 state leaders - Events of 1605 - 1606 state leaders - State leaders by year

Africa

• Ethiopia - Yaqob, Emperor of Ethiopia (1597-1603 and 1604-1606)

Asia

• China (Ming Dynasty) - Wanli, Emperor of China (1573-1620)
• Dai Viet - Lê Kính Tông, Emperor of Dai Viet (1600-1619)
  • Đàng Ngoài - Trịnh Tùng, Trịnh Lord (1570-1623)
  • Đàng Trong - Nguyễn Hoàng, Nguyễn Lord (1558–1613)
• Japan
  • Monarch - Go-Yozei, Emperor of Japan (1586-1611)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) -
    1. Tokugawa Ieyasu, Shogun of Japan (1603-1605)
    2. Tokugawa Hidetada, Shogun of Japan (1605-1623)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Seonjo, King of Joseon (1567-1608)
• Mughal Empire -
  1. Akbar, Mughal Emperor (1556-1605)
  2. Jahangir, Mughal Emperor (1605-1627)
• Ryūkyū Kingdom - Shō Nei, King of Ryūkyū (1587-1620)

Europe

• Denmark - Christian IV, King of Denmark (1588-1648)
• England - James I, King of England (1603-1625)
• France - Henry IV, King of France (1589-1610)
• Holy Roman Empire - Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (1576-1612)
• Moldavia - Ieremia Movilă, Voivode of Moldavia (August 1595 - May 1600 and September 1600 - 1606)
• Poland - Sigismund III Vasa, King of Poland (1587-1632)
• Russia -
  1. Boris Godunov, Tsar of Russia (1598-1605)
  2. Feodor II, Tsar of Russia (1605)
  3. Dmitry I, Tsar of Russia (1605-1606)
• Spain - Philip III, King of Spain (1598-1621)
• Sweden - Charles IX, King of Sweden (1599-1611)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581-1795)
  • Stadtholder - Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Gelre, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht and Zeeland (1585 - 1625)
  • Grand Pensionary of Holland - Johan van Oldebarnevelt (1586-1619)
• Venice - Marino Grimani, Doge of Venice (1595-1606)

Middle East and North Africa

• Ottoman Empire - Ahmed I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1603-1617)
• Safavid Empire - Abbas I Shah of Iran (1587-1629)

North America

• Acadia -
  1. Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Monts, Governor of Acadia (1603-1608)