1648 state leaders - Events of 1649 - 1650 state leaders - State leaders by year

Africa

• Dahomey - Houegbadja, King of Dahomey (1645-1685)
• Ethiopia - Fasilides, Emperor of Ethiopia (1632-1667)

Asia

• China
  • Qing Dynasty - Shunzhi, Emperor of China (1644-1661)
  • Southern Ming -
    • Prince of Lu, Emperor of Southern Ming (1645-1653)
    • Prince of Gui, Emperor of Southern Ming (1646-1662)
• Japan -
  • Monarch - Go-Komyo, Emperor of Japan (1643-1654)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) - Tokugawa Iemitsu, Shogun of Japan (1623-1651)
  • Ryūkyū Kingdom - Shō Shitsu, King of Ryūkyū (1648-1668)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) -
  1. Injo, King of Joseon (1623-1649)
  2. Hyojong, King of Joseon (1649-1659)
• Mughal Empire - Shah Jahan, Mughal Emperor (1627 - 1658).

Europe

• Denmark-Norway - Frederick III, King of Denmark and King of Norway(1648-1670)
• England
  1. Charles I, King of England (1625-1649)
  2. Oliver Cromwell - Lord Protector (1649-1658)
• France - Louis XIV, King of France (1643-1715)
• Holy Roman Empire - Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (1637-1657)
• Moldavia - Vasile Lupu, Voivode of Moldavia (1634 - 1653).
• Ottoman Empire - Mehmed IV, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1648 - 1687).
• Papal States - Innocent X, Bishop of Rome (1644 - 1655).
• Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Jan II Kazimierz Vasa, King of Poland (1648-1668)
• Portugal - John IV, King of Portugal (1640-1656)
• Republic of Venice - Francesco Molino, Doge of Venice (1646 - 1655).
• Russia - Aleksey I, Tsar of Russia (1645-1676)
• Savoy - Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy (1638-1675)
• Scotland - Charles I, King of England (1625-1649)
• Spain - Philip IV, King of Spain (1621-1665)
• Sweden - Christina, Queen of Sweden (1632 - 1654).
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581-1795)
  • Stadtholder - William II, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1647-1650)
    • Willem Frederik, Stadtholder of Friesland and Groningen(1640 - 1664).
    • Holland - Grand Pensionary Jacob Cats (1629-1631, 1636-1651)
• Wallachia - Matei Basarab, Voivode of Wallachia (1632 - 1654).