The rulers of Tuscany have varied over time, sometimes being margraves, the rulers of handfuls of border counties and sometimes the heads of the most important family of the region.
Margraves of Tuscany, 812-1197
Bonifacii
- These were originally counts of Lucca who extended their power over the neighbouring counties.
House of Arles
- These were the (mostly illegitimate) relatives of Hugh of Arles, King of Italy, whom he appointed to their post after removing the original dynasty.
Various
House of Canossa
- These were the descendants of the Counts of Canossa.
Various
Unofficial Medici Rulers of Florence, 1434-1531
Medici Dukes of Florence, 1531-1569
Medici Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1569-1737
Tuscany was annexed by France, 1807-1814. Napoleon's sister Elisa Bonaparte was given the honorary title of Grand Duchess of Tuscany, but did not actually rule over the region.
Habsburg-Lorraine Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1814-1860
Tuscany annexed by Piedmont-Sardinia, 1860
Titular Habsburg-Lorraine claimants, 1860-present
See also
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