Trabzon is a province of Turkey on the Black Sea coast. Located in a strategically important region, Trabzon is of the oldest trade port cities in Anatolia. It has a population of 1,061,055 (2006 est). Neighbouring provinces are Giresun to the west, Gümüşhane to the southwest, Bayburt to the southeast and Rize to the east. The provincial capital is Trabzon city, and the traffic code is 61. The province is home to a small community of Muslim Pontic Greek-speakers [1].
Districts
Trabzon province is divided into 18 districts (capital district in bold):
Districts along the 114 km coastline (from West to East): Beşikdüzü, Vakfıkebir, Çarşıbaşı, Akçaabat, Yomra, Arsin, Araklı, Sürmene and Of.[2]
Districts inland: Tonya, Düzköy, Şalpazarı, Maçka, Köprübaşı, Dernekpazarı, Hayrat and Çaykara.
Beşikdüzü and Şalpazarı gained district status in 1988, Çarşıbaşı, Düzköy, Köprübaşı, Dernekpazarı and Hayrat in 1990.
History
Remarkably attractive throughout the history, Trabzon always become the subject for hundreds of travel books by western travellers, some of whom had named it "city of tale in the East" The capital city Trabzon was founded, as Trapezus, by Greek colonists from Sinop. Starting from 9th century BC the city's name was also pronounced by the historians such as Homeros, Herodotus, Hesiodos. The first written source regarding Trabzon is Anabasis of Xenophon. An important Roman and Byzantine centre, it was the capital of the Empire of Trebizond from 1204 to 1461. Trabzon was made part of the Ottoman Empire by Mehmet the Conqueror in 1461. It was initially a sanjak then gained the status of eyalet and finally became a vilayet in 1868. After conquered in 1461, Fatih Medrese (1462), Hatuniye Medrese (1515), İskenderpaşa Medrese (1529), Hamzapaşa Medrese (1543) were established as important educational centers of the period [3].
The province was a site of major fighting between Ottoman and Russian forces during Caucasus Campaign of World War I which resulted in capture of the city of Trabzon by Russian army under command of Grand Duke Nicholas and Nikolai Yudenich in April 1916. The province returned under Turkish control in 1918 following the end of the war.
Population History
- 2000 - 979,081
- 1997 - 858,687
- 1990 - 795,849
- 1985 - 786,194
- 1980 - 731,045
- 1975 - 719,008
- 1970 - 659,120
- 1965 - 595,782
- 1960 - 532,999
- 1955 - 462,249
- 1950 - 420,279
- 1945 - 395,733
- 1940 - 390,733
- 1935 - 360,679
- 1927 - 290,303
See also
References
- ^ Pontic Greek: Romeika of Trabzon
- ^ Trabzon city
- ^ Trabzon history
External links
Gallery
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Memişoğlu Konağı, located 4 km east of Sürmene
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Coordinates: 40°46′50″N 39°48′44″E / 40.78056, 39.81222
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